Independent · Evidence-based · Canadian

Making public records understandable.

We transform complex legal documents, tribunal decisions and government records into clear explanations anyone can understand — and publish the data underneath.

Scroll
01

Research

Deep analysis of public records and decisions.

02

Clarity

Complex information explained simply.

03

Transparency

Shining light on systems and institutions.

04

Impact

Empowering people with knowledge and context.

05

Independence

Evidence-based. Non-partisan. Fundamentally public.

Featured investigation

HRTO · 2011–2026
Ontario · Human Rights Tribunal · one police service

What happens to human rights complaints against the police

Of 52 published decisions reviewed, one resulted in a recorded remedy. But published decisions represent only the matters that produced a public legal record. The investigation is not about wins and losses — it is about what becomes visible, and what disappears.

  1. /01

    Very few matters reach the stage where merit is publicly assessed. Four of 37 matters reached a merits hearing. The other 33 ended earlier — on deadlines, forms, screening, or silence. Whether those claims had merit was never publicly tested.

  2. /02

    Representation shapes who stays visible. No represented applicant in this record was dismissed for missing a deadline; nearly half of unrepresented ones were. A case can end because the facts fell short — or because a person couldn't present them within the procedural framework. The public record often cannot distinguish the two.

  3. /03

    Exits are not verdicts. A matter leaving the record may mean confidential settlement, withdrawal, exhaustion, or a missed step — very different things from a claim tested and rejected. Only a merits hearing answers that question, and the record rarely says which happened.

52 published decisions · 37 matters · joined to subsequent court records
Counted by matter, not by decision. Findings describe the public record, not all outcomes.

Matters reaching each stagen = 37
Application filed37
28
9
Survived screening13
5
8
Reached a merits hearing4
2
2
Remedy awarded1
Survived judicial review1
Unrepresented Represented
18%
of unrepresented applicants survived screening
89%
of represented applicants survived it

The Visibility Gap

The core research question

When a person enters a legal or administrative system, what outcomes become visible — and what outcomes disappear? Public decisions show the cases that reach a formal conclusion. They reveal far less about the cases that exit earlier: through settlement, withdrawal, procedural dismissal, or outcomes that never generate published reasons.

What the public record shows

52published decisions
37identifiable matters
4merits hearings
1recorded remedy

What may not be visible

  • Confidential settlements
  • Withdrawals — after resolution, or from exhaustion
  • Matters ending before any merits review
  • People who could not obtain representation
  • People who never knew they could file

A matter disappearing from the record does not mean the claim lacked merit. It means the question was never publicly answered.

The public record may reveal where cases end — but not always why. Limited public data makes it difficult to evaluate whether a system is functioning fairly, because the visible record may disproportionately represent the cases that survived every procedural hurdle. Closing that gap is a data problem, and data problems can be worked.

FOI Tracker

Every request · every response
Ministry of the Solicitor General
Unredacted oversight-investigation report into a regional police service and its board — including three recommendations withheld in full.
FIPPAAppeal filed
Regional police services board
External legal fees by year; aggregate settlement counts and values; whether settlements contained non-disparagement or future-complaint terms.
MFIPPAAwaiting decision
Tribunals Ontario
Applications filed per respondent organisation per year; disposition category; median time to disposition; representation status.
FIPPAAwaiting decision
Regional police service
Records retention schedules for body-worn camera, in-car camera, dispatch, radio, AVL and system audit logs.
MFIPPAPartial release

Method

How the numbers are built

What we count, and what we can't

Every figure is extracted from the four corners of a published decision and carries a confidence score. Nothing is imputed — a silent field is recorded as silent, never as a zero.

Rates are calculated by matter — one person's case — not by decision. One matter can produce four decisions, and counting decisions would overweight the most litigated files.

Published decisions are a survivorship sample. Matters that settle or are withdrawn produce no public document, so every rate here is a rate among adjudicated matters. Closing that gap is what the FOI Tracker is for.

Corrections policy · in force from day one

How we'll handle being wrong

Tribunal-only datasets have a known failure mode: a tribunal does not annotate its own published decisions when a court later sets them aside. During pre-publication review, that exact trap surfaced in our own pipeline — so every outcome we publish is now joined to subsequent court records before it ships, and a validation rule blocks any figure that isn't.

When we do publish an error, the correction will appear here: dated, permanent, in full, with what changed downstream. A project that audits institutional record-keeping holds itself to the standard it asks for.